Thin films 'dance' with substrates that are no longer inert, opening path toward 3D chips
Jul 27, 2026
Many of today's electronic devices—from the semiconductors in your cell phone to the photovoltaic cells in your solar panels—are built on thin-film substrates. The thin film is an electrically conductive material, while the substrate is an inert material. Or is it?
https://phys.org/news/2026-07-thin-substrates-longer-inert-path.html
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